|
The Chinese Telegraph Code, Chinese Telegraphic Code, or Chinese Commercial Code ( or )〔Simply ''diànmǎ'' or ''diànbàomǎ'' may refer to the “Chinese telegraph code” whereas ''diànmǎ'' is a general term for “code,” as seen in ''Móěrsī diànmǎ'' () for the “Morse code” and ''Bóduō diànmǎ'' () for the “Baudot code.”〕 is a four-digit decimal code (character encoding) for electrically telegraphing messages written with Chinese characters. == Encoding and decoding == A codebook is provided for encoding and decoding the Chinese telegraph code. It shows one-to-one correspondence between Chinese characters and four-digit numbers from 0000 to 9999. Chinese characters are arranged and numbered in dictionary order according to their radicals and strokes. Each page of the book shows 100 pairs of a Chinese character and a number in a 10×10 table. The most significant two digits of a code matches the page number, the next digit matches the row number, and the least significant digit matches the column number, with 1 being the column on the far right. For example, the code 0022 for the character (zhōng), meaning “center,” is given in page 00, row 2, column 2 of the codebook, and the code 2429 for the character (wén), meaning “script,” is given in page 24, row 2, column 9. The PRC’s ''Standard Telegraph Codebook'' (Ministry of Post and Telecommunications 2002) provides codes for approximately 7,000 Chinese characters.Senders convert their messages written with Chinese characters to a sequence of digits according to the codebook. For instance, the phrase (Zhōngwén xìnxī), meaning “information in Chinese,” is rendered into the code as 0022 2429 0207 1873. It is transmitted using the Morse code. Receivers decode the Morse code to get a sequence of digits, chop it into an array of quadruplets, and then decode them one by one referring to the book.The codebook also defines codes for Zhuyin alphabet, Latin alphabet, Cyrillic alphabet, and various symbols including special symbols for months, days in a month, and hours. Senders may translate their messages into numbers by themselves, or pay a small charge to have them translated by a telegrapher.〔The Tianjin Communications Corporation (2004) in the PRC charges RMB 0.01 per character for their encoding service, compared to their domestic telegraph rate of RMB 0.13 per character.〕 Chinese expert telegraphers used to remember several thousands of codes of the most frequent use. The ''Standard Telegraph Codebook'' gives alternative three-letter code ( AAA, AAB, …) for Chinese characters. It compresses telegram messages and cuts international fees by 25% as compared to the four-digit code.〔Domestic telegrams are charged by the number of Chinese characters, not digits or Latin characters, hence this compression technique is only used for international telegrams.〕抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chinese telegraph code」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|